What is the role of drilling fluid in drilling engineering?

Drilling fluid is recognized to have at least ten functions:

(1) Clean the bottom of the well carry rock debris. Keep the bottom of the well clean, avoid repeated cutting of the drill bit, reduce wear, improve efficiency.

(2) Cooling lubricating the drill bit drill string. Reduce the temperature of the drill bit, reduce drilling tool wear, improve the service life of the drilling tool.

(3) Balancing the pressure on the rock side of the wellbore, forming filter cakes on the wellbore, sealing stabilizing the wellbore. Prevent pollution of oil gas reservoirs wellbore collapse.

(4) Balance (control) formation pressure. Prevent blowout leakage, prevent formation fluids affecting the drilling fluid

(5) Suspended rock cuttings weighting agents. Reduce the settling speed of rock debris avoid sand sinking sticking.

(6) It can remove sand rock debris on the ground.

(7) Effectively transmit hydraulic power. Transmit the power required for downhole power drilling tools the hydraulic power of the drill bit.

(8) Bear the partial gravity of the drill pipe casing. The buoyancy of drilling fluid on drilling tools casing can reduce the load on the lifting system during tripping.

(9) Provide a large amount of information on the drilled formations. Drilling fluid can be used for electrical logging, cuttings logging, other downhole data acquisition.

(10) Hydraulic fracturing of rocks. The high-speed jet formed by the drilling fluid passing through the nozzle can be directly crushed